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// Republics
// Adygea, Republic of >>
// Altai (Gorno-Altai), Republic of >>
// Bashkortostan, Republic of >>
// Buryatia, Republic of >>
// Chechnya, Republic of >>
// Chuvashia, Republic of >>
// Dagestan, Republic of >>
// Ingushetia, Republic of >>
// Kabardino-Balkaria, Republic of >>
// Kalmykia, Republic of >>
// Karachayevo-Cherkessia, Republic of >>
// Karelia, Republic of >>
// Khakassia, Republic of >>
// Komi, Republic of >>
// Mari El, Republic of >>
// Mordovia, Republic of >>
// North Ossetia, Republic of >>
// Sakha (Yakutia), Republic of >>
// Tatarstan, Republic of >>
// Tuva, Republic of >>
// Udmurtia, Republic of >>
// Territories (Krai)
// Altai Territory >>
// Khabarovsk Territory >>
// Krasnodar Territory >>
// Krasnoyarsk Territory >>
// Primorye (Maritime) Territory >>
// Stavropol Territory >>
// Regions
// Amur Region >>
// Arkhangelsk Region >>
// Astrakhan Region >>
// Belgorod Region >>
// Bryansk Region >>
// Chelyabinsk Region >>
// Chita Region >>
// Irkutsk Region >>
// Ivanovo Region >>
// Kaliningrad Region >>
// Kaluga Region >>
// Kamchatka Region >>
// Kemerovo Region >>
// Kirov Region >>
// Kostroma Region >>
// Kurgan Region >>
// Kursk Region >>
// Leningrad Region >>
// Lipetsk Region >>
// Magadan Region >>
// Moscow Region >>
// Murmansk Region >>
// Nizhny Novgorod Region >>
// Novgorod Region >>
// Novosibirsk Region >>
// Omsk Region >>
// Orel Region >>
// Orenburg Region >>
// Penza Region >>
// Perm Region >>
// Pskov Region >>
// Rostov Region >>
// Ryazan Region >>
// Sakhalin Region >>
// Samara Region >>
// Saratov Region >>
// Smolensk Region >>
// Sverdlovsk Region >>
// Tambov Region >>
// Tomsk Region >>
// Tula Region >>
// Tver Region >>
// Tyumen Region >>
// Ulyanovsk Region >>
// Vladimir Region >>
// Volgograd Region >>
// Vologda Region >>
// Voronezh Region >>
// Yaroslavl Region >>
// Federal Cities
// Moscow >>
// St. Petersburg >>
// Autonomous Areas (Okrugs)
// Agin-Buryatia Autonomous Area
// Chukotka Autonomous Area >>
// Evenk Autonomous Area >>
// Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Area >>
// Komi-Permyak Autonomous Area >>
// Koryak Autonomous Area >>
// Nenets Autonomous Area >>
// Taimyr (Dolgan-Nenets) Autonomous Area >>
// Ust-Ordynsky Buryat Autonomous Area >>
// Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Area >>
// Autonomous Regions
// Jewish Autonomous Region >>
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Agin-Buryatia Autonomous Area
// GENERAL INFORMATION
The Aga-Buryat Autonomous Area is located in the southern part of Eastern Transbaikalia (Zabaikalye) and the southeastern part of Central Transbaikalia (Zabaikalye) between the Onon and Ingoda rivers. The area is situated entirely within the southern part of Chita Region. The administrative center is the town of Aginskoe (pop. 9600). The distance between Aginskoe and Moscow is 6286 km, and the time difference is +6 hours.
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Aga-Buryat Autonomous Area has a total area of 19 000 km2 (0.1% of the area of the RF and 4.4% of the area of Chita Region). There are no cities, but there are 3 administrative districts (Aginsky, Duldurginsky, and Mogoituisky), 4 towns, and 35 rural administrations. The area is part of Chita Region.
The total population of the area is 79 600 people (0.06% of the Russian population), 32.4% of whom live in urban areas and 67.6% in rural areas; the population density is 4.2 people per km2. People of more than 30 nationalities live in the area, mainly Buryats (54.9%) and Russians (40.8%), with small numbers of Evenks (0.2%) and other nationalities (4.1%).
HISTORY
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The history of Zabaikalye has been connected with Russia since the 17th century. The Aga (or Agin) Buryats became Russian citizens in 1648; and from this time onwards, there was intensive settlement of the region by Russians, mainly Cossacks of the Zabaikalye Cossack army. The settlement of Aginskoe appeared in 1811. The area was formed on the basis of a Central Executive Committee (TsIK) resolution of September 26, 1937, by separating Aginsky and Ulan-Ononsky districts from the Buryat- Mongol Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (ASSR). Until September 16, 1958, the new district was called the Aga-Buryat-Mongol National Area. According to a Federal agreement of 1992 and the Constitution of the Russian Federation of 1993, the area is an independent administrative unit of the Russian Federation, while remaining a constituent part of Chita Region.
NATURAL RESOURCES
The area has mainly mountainous relief. The Cherskogo, Daursky, and Mogoituisky mountain ranges run in parallel from southwest to northeast, with the highest point being Alkhanai Mountain (elevation 1663 m). The gently rolling Priononskaya Plain with elevations of 700-800 m extends across the southern part of the area.
About 20 kinds of minerals have been discovered in deposits in the area. The most important reserves include gold, bismuth, tantalum, tungsten, tin, copper, molybdenum, antimony, semiprecious stones, and building materials.
Forests cover about 30% of the area; they are located on the north slopes of the mountain ranges and in the mountains at elevations of 1000-1100 m. The predominant species is Dahurian larch with an admixture of pine, birch, and aspen.
Forest land occupies a total area of 581 400 hectares of the area's territory [0.2% of the forested area of the Siberian Federal District (SFD)]. This includes 327 300 hectares of coniferous forest (0.2% of the coniferous forest of the SFD). Total timber reserves of the main forest-forming species are 60.7 million m3 (0.2% of the reserves in the SFD).
Alkhanai National Park, a holy place of Buddhism, was opened in the northwestern part of the area in the area of Alkhanai Mountain in 1999. The Uksakhai and Zymka preventative treatment centers built around mineral springs known as arshany are widely known throughout the country.
AUTHORITIES
The Aga Buryat Area Duma (Parliament) is the highest legislative (representative) body. It is made up of 15 deputies elected for a five-year term.
The Administration of the Aga Buryat Autonomous Area is the highest executive body.
ECONOMY
The leading industrial sectors in terms of their share of total industrial production are fuel (49.7%), power (24.3%), nonferrous metallurgy (17.1%), engineering and metalworking (2.3%), the food industry (1.7%), forestry and woodworking (0.3%), light industry (0.1%), and other sectors (4.5%). Industry employs 8.8% of the workforce (compared to 25.9% for Russia). In 2001, the area accounted for 0.0001% of industrial production in Russia and 0.01% of production in the SFD.
Agriculture in the area specializes in raising fine-fleeced sheep for wool, as well as beef and dairy cattle. Cultivated crops include wheat, oats, barley, and feed crops.
Horse herding, a traditional occupation of the Buryats, is expanding; and camels are raised in the southern part of the area. A total of 976 400 hectares, including 103 600 hectares of cropland, are used for agricultural purposes. Agriculture employs 26.3% of the area's workforce (compared to 9.0% for Russia).
There are about 2500 companies and organizations, including their affiliates, which is 0.6% of all companies in the SFD and 0.07% of all companies in Russia.
Cars are the main form of transport. The area has some 1000 km of paved roads, including both public and departmental roads (0.8% of the total road length in the SFD, or 14th in the SFD). The largest railway station is Mogotui.
CULTURE AND ART
Each of the area's nationalities has its own history, culture, and way of life; therefore, they are trying not only to maintain existing cultural centers, but also to build new ones. Thus, the network of cultural institutions is continuing to develop; at present, there is seating for 10 742 people in the auditoriums. Clubs in the area hold concerts, quizzes, contests, and knowledge games. There are 239 club organizations and national ensembles with 5718 members. The holiday of Sagaalgan-the start of the new year according to the lunar calendar-is celebrated annually in the area. Public events and shows by drama groups and national theaters are held in connection with the holiday. The predominant faith among the native inhabitants is Lamaist Buddhism. Orthodoxy is widespread among the Russian population. The large Aginsky and Tsugolsky Buddhist monasteries (datsans) built in the 19th century and two Orthodox churches function in the area. The region also has parks of culture and rest with a total area of 4200 hectares.
Native crafts are an integral part of Buryat culture. The Aga Buryat Autonomous Area is renowned for its skilled craftsmen with many years of experience in making household articles, harness, and women's silver jewelry.
Buryatia has given the country many talented cultural figures and artists, such as national artist L.L. Linkhovoin, Kim Bazarsadaev, D. Dugarov, and Bazyr Tsyrendashiev. A museum of the RF Ministry of Culture operating in the area serves as the area's scientific and cultural education center. The museum has total exhibition space of 478 m2 and more than 6000 exhibits displaying the material and spiritual culture of the Buryat people. The museum also works with other organizations. The unique archeological finds, articles of daily life, etc. draw many visitors. The museum's researchers and guides conduct a variety of tours dedicated to the history of the Aga Buryat Autonomous Area, the Second World War, Buryat culture, the flora and fauna of the area, and explorers of Tibet Guseinov and Tsybikov. Five to seven exhibitions are held in villages of the area during the year. The museum also offers archival services. Forty-nine public and multipurpose libraries of the RF Ministry of Culture system are located in the region.
In addition, seven children's schools of music, the arts, and dance operate in the area. The children's schools operated by the RF Ministry of Culture have 262 students and 53 full-time teachers.
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